Radial seals are circular-shaped elements, mechanical seals manufactured to prevent leaks or the unwanted exchange of fluids, gases or solids. Normally, the elastomer membrane has a spring on the vertical of the sealing edge to maintain the tightness of the shaft, whether in operation or not.
This circular spring is responsible for ensuring that said lip does not expand and guarantees good sealing. There are different types that are used depending on the required application where the temperature, components or contaminants may vary.
There are metal seals, since their casing is completely metal and the inner lip is made of elastomer. They also exist with double lips, that is, with two lips and two springs to prevent both directions or bands from leaking or losing. The classic seal is the one that has an inner lip with its spring and a dust lip to prevent particles or dirt from entering the system. On the other hand, the fluids to be sealed are liquids of variable viscosity. They are not usually gases. Most commonly, these are lubricants, such as oils and greases, but also hydraulic oils (according to DIN 51524), non-flammable pressure fluids (according to VDMA 24317 and 24320) and even silicone oils with poor lubricating properties.
The seals create a seal between the rotating shaft and the outside. Classic seals consist of a metal casing that carries the dynamic sealing lip and also provides the static sealing function. The sealing lip of the seals is generally made of elastomeric material, and is in contact with the surface of the rotation shaft. Here, the lip is pressed to the surface of the shaft by means of a spring ring. As a result of the rotary movement, a sealing gap occurs at the edge of the lip. Oil can penetrate into this void, which serves to lubricate the sealing lip.
The seals can withstand radial speeds of 14 meters per second. They withstand temperatures of up to 100ºC and even much more depending on the material manufactured. They can be made of NBR, Viton, silicone, fluorocarbon, PTFE and other derivatives. The seals are mounted in practically all types of industry, they are easy to exchange and are economical. There is a wide variety of measures that can be applied in any system.
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